What is Textile? The following is an explanation and examples of the work
Textile is certainly not a foreign word to the ear. In fact, we often hear the word textile in everyday conversation, you know. Then, do you know what textiles are?
Textiles are materials made from yarns of spun fibers which are woven, knitted or by means of fusing fibers in the form of sheets with or without pressed adhesive.
However, for more details, let's look at the following explanations and examples of textile crafts. Check this out!
- Meaning and types of textiles
Textiles are materials made from fiber-spun yarns which are then woven or knitted. Quoting the Introduction to Textiles module by Muh. Zyahri, ST, in general, textile fibers can be classified into three parts, such as natural fibres, man-made fibres and mixed fibres. Here's an explanation.
- Natural fibers
Natural fibers are fibers obtained from nature, such as from plants and animals. Let's look at the following explanation.
Plant fiber material consists of fiber from stems, fruit, leaves, and seeds. These plant fibers are also known as cellulose fibers. For example: flax fiber (linen), jute, henep, hemp, coco fiber, abaca fiber (Manila), sisal, henequen, and cotton fiber. Animal or animal fiber materials consist of hair, skin fur, and cocoons. These animal fibers are called protein fibres. Examples of types of animal fibers: fiber from camel, alpaca, cashmere, mohair, wool fiber, and silk fiber.
- Artificial fiber
Man-made fibers are divided into semi-manufactured fibers and man-made or synthetic textile fibres. Well, the explanation is as follows.
Semi-manufactured fiber is anything that is originally made from cellulose or artificial textile fiber called regenerated cellulose fiber. Usually, the cotton residue or wood pulp pulp is mixed with a chemical solution, which then produces viscose rayon and acetate rayon. Artificial (synthetic) textile fiber is a type of fiber made entirely of chemicals. Artificial textile fibers have the property of being easily folded or bent (thermoplastic). Examples of types of synthetic man-made fibers: acrylic fiber, rayon fiber, polyester, nylon, brinylon, and enkalon.
- Mixed fiber
Blended fiber is the result of a combination of different fiber materials. This type of fiber usually dominates the material. In fact, most of the textiles that are widely used are the result of blending so that they can produce the desired type and quality of the material.
An example of a mixed fiber type is a mixture of cotton and polyester.
- Textile fiber processing techniques
After knowing the types, do you know textile processing techniques? Processing of fiber materials into textile materials can be done manually or using a machine. Here are the steps for making textiles:
Yarn spinning is the process of selecting fiber which is continued for processing from cotton to yarn.
Thread winding, done when the twisted thread is then rolled using a winding tool.
The color of the yarn is done through dyeing. The colored yarn will then be dried.
Weaving thread into cloth. The dried threads are then woven into cloth.
- Examples of textile crafts
Textile crafts are crafts made from fiber, yarn, or cloth, which have previously gone through chemical processing. Textile crafts in Indonesia are divided into two, namely modern textile crafts and traditional textile crafts.
Well, modern textile crafts are generally widely used to fulfill functional needs. While traditional textile crafts have symbolic meanings, they are more used for the needs of traditional events.
According to Henni Ratnasusanti, M.Pd, in the Ministry of Education and Culture module titled Handicraft Aspects of Crafts , the function of textile handicraft products is made for various purposes. For example as decoration, objects of use, ritual equipment, and symbolic functions.
Handicrafts as disposable objects are used for practical purposes, such as places for clothes, bags, wallets, mats, and jackets. Quoted from the book Crafts and Entrepreneurship by Hendriana Werfhaningsih et al, here are some examples of textile crafts:
Judging from its function, textile crafts can be divided into:
As the fulfillment of the needs of clothing or fashion . Example: clothes, accessories, bags, hats, shoes. As an interior complement. For example: cloth for curtains, and salute chairs. Household equipment. For example: pillowcases, mats, sheets, and tablecloths. As a container for objects. For example: wallet Meanwhile, traditional Indonesian textile crafts functionally can be used as:
Meeting the need for clothing that protects the body. Example: regional clothes. Household tools. Example: cloth for baby carriers and carrying items. Certain rituals or traditions. For example: Eastern Indonesian dyed cloth, as a cover for a corpse. Tapis cloth typical of the Lampung region, to be worn at weddings. Cepuk cloth is used for traditional rituals on the island of Nusa Penida. Songket cloth for use in weddings and circumcisions. Poleng cloth from Bali is used during ruwatan (purification) events.
Well, that's an explanation and examples of textile crafts in Indonesia. Of course, traditional Indonesian textile crafts are known to have high aesthetic and cultural values.